The eurocodes are the ten European standards (EN; harmonised technical rules) specifying how structural design should be conducted within the European Union (EU). These were developed by the European Committee for Standardisation upon the request of the European Commission.[1]
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By March 2010, the Eurocodes are mandatory for the specification of European public works and are intended to become the de facto standard for the private sector. The Eurocodes therefore replace the existing national building codes published by national standard bodies (e.g. BS 5950)
The purpose of the eurocodes is to provide:[1]
- a means to prove compliance with the requirements for mechanical strength and stability and safety in case of fire established by European Union law.[2]
- a basis for construction and engineering contract specifications.
- a framework for creating harmonized technical specifications for building products (CE mark).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurocodes
At present, take-up of Eurocodes is slow on private sector projects and existing national codes are still widely used by engineers.
The eurocodes are published as a separate European Standards, each having a number of parts. By 2002, ten sections have been developed and published:
- Eurocode 0: Basis of structural design (EN 1990)
- Eurocode 1: Actions on structures (EN 1991)
- Part 1-1: Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings (EN 1991-1-1)
- Part 1-2: Actions on structures exposed to fire (EN 1991-1-2)
- Part 1-3: General actions - Snow loads (EN 1991-1-3)
- Part 1-4: General actions - Wind actions (EN 1991-1-4)
- Part 1-5: General actions - Thermal actions (EN 1991-1-5)
- Part 1-6: General actions - Actions during execution (EN 1991-1-6)
- Part 1-7: General actions - Accidental Actions (EN 1991-1-7)
- Part 2: Traffic loads on bridges (EN 1991-2)
- Part 3: Actions induced by cranes and machinery (EN 1991-3)
- Part 4 : Silos and tanks (EN 1991-4)
- Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures (EN 1992)
- Part 1-1: General rules, and rules for buildings (EN 1992-1-1)
- Part 1-2: Structural fire design (EN 1992-1-2)
- Part 1-3: Precast Concrete Elements and Structures (EN 1992-1-3)
- Part 1-4: Lightweight aggregate concrete with closed structure (EN 1992-1-4)
- Part 1-5: Structures with unbonded and external prestressing tendons (EN 1992-1-5)
- Part 1-6: Plain concrete structures (EN 1992-1-6)
- Part 2: Reinforced and prestressed concrete bridges (EN 1992-2)
- Part 3: Liquid retaining and containing structures (EN 1992-3)
- Part 4: Design of fastenings for use in concrete (EN 1992-4)
- Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures (EN 1993)
- Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings (EN 1993-1-1)
- Part 1-2: General rules - Structural fire design (EN 1993-1-2)
- Part 1-3: General rules - Supplementary rules for cold-formed members and sheeting (EN 1993-1-3)
- Part 1-4: General rules - Supplementary rules for stainless steels (EN 1993-1-4)
- Part 1-5: Plated structural elements (EN 1993-1-5)
- Part 1-6: Strength and Stability of Shell Structures (EN 1993-1-6)
- Part 1-7: General Rules - Supplementary rules for planar plated structural elements with out of plane loading (EN 1993-1-7)
- Part 1-8: Design of joints (EN 1993-1-8)
- Part 1-9: Fatigue (EN 1993-1-9)
- Part 1-10: Material Toughness and through-thickness properties (EN 1993-1-10)
- Part 1-11: Design of Structures with tension components (EN 1993-1-11)
- Part 1-12: High Strength steels (EN 1993-1-12)
- Part 2: Steel Bridges (EN 1993-2)
- Part 3-1: Towers, masts and chimneys (EN 1993-3-1)
- Part 3-2: Towers, masts and chimneys - Chimneys (EN 1993-3-2)
- Part 4-1: Silos (EN 1993-4-1)
- Part 4-2: Tanks (EN 1993-4-2)
- Part 4-3: Pipelines (EN 1993-4-3)
- Part 5: Piling (EN 1993-5)
- Part 6: Crane supporting structures (EN 1993-6)
- Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures (EN 1994)
- Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings (EN 1994-1-1)
- Part 1-2: Structural fire design (EN 1994-1-2)
- Part 2: General rules and rules for bridges (EN 1994-2)
- Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures (EN 1995)
- Part 1-1: General – Common rules and rules for buildings (EN 1995-1-1)
- Part 1-2: General – Structural fire design (EN 1995-1-2)
- Part 2: Bridges (EN 1995-2)
- Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures (EN 1996)
- Part 1-1: General – Rules for reinforced and unreinforced masonry structures (EN 1996-1-1)
- Part 1-2: General rules – Structural fire design (EN 1996-1-2)
- Part 2: Design, selection of materials and execution of masonry (EN 1996-2)
- Part 3: Simplified calculation methods for unreinforced masonry structures (EN 1996-3)
- Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design (EN 1997)
- Part 1: General rules (EN 1997-1)
- Part 2: Ground investigation and testing (EN 1997-2)
- Part 3: Design assisted by field testing (EN 1997-3)
- Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance (EN 1998)
- Part 1: General rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings (EN 1998-1)
- Part 2: Bridges (EN 1998-2)
- Part 3: Assessment and retrofitting of buildings (EN 1998-3)
- Part 4: Silos, tanks and pipelines (EN 1998-4)
- Part 5: Foundations, retaining structures and geotechnical aspects (EN 1998-5)
- Part 6: Towers, masts and chimneys (EN 1998-6)
- Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures (EN 1999)
- Part 1-1: General structural rules (EN 1999-1-1)
- Part 1-2: Structural fire design (EN 1999-1-2)
- Part 1-3: Structures susceptible to fatigue (EN 1999-1-3)
- Part 1-4: Cold-formed structural sheeting (EN 1999-1-4)
- Part 1-5: Shell structures (EN 1999-1-5)
Each of the codes (except EN 1990) is divided into a number of Parts covering specific aspects of the subject. In total there are 58 EN Eurocode parts distributed in the ten Eurocodes (EN 1990 – 1999).
All of the EN Eurocodes relating to materials have a Part 1-1 which covers the design of buildings and other civil engineering structures and a Part 1-2 for fire design. The codes for concrete, steel, composite steel and concrete, and timber structures and earthquake resistance have a Part 2 covering design of bridges. These Parts 2 should be used in combination with the appropriate general Parts (Parts 1).
Previous national standards[edit]
- BS 5950: British Standard on steel design, replaced by Eurocode 3 in March, 2010.
- BS 8110: British Standard on concrete design, replaced by Eurocode 2 in March, 2010.
- BS 6399: British Standard on loading for buildings, replaced by Eurocode 1 in March, 2010.
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