https://www.strombergarchitectural.com/materials/gfrp
https://www.strombergarchitectural.com/files/GFRP_brochure.pdf
A mold is then made of fiberglass, steel, wood or rubber depending on the detail. Into this mold a carefully designed mix of polyester or epoxy resin is sprayed, along with alkali resistant glass fibers. Virtually any shape or form can be molded.
Listed on Main Board of the SGX-ST in August 1994, Koh Brothers Group Limited (“Koh Brothers”, or together with its subsidiaries, the “Group”) is a well-established construction, property development and specialist engineering solutions provider, which was started as a sole proprietorship in 1966 by Mr. Koh Tiat Meng. Today, the Group has more than 40 subsidiaries, joint venture companies and associated companies spread over Singapore, PRC, Indonesia, and Malaysia.
Over the years, the Group has undertaken numerous construction and infrastructure projects with its A1 grading by the Building and Construction Authority. It is currently the highest grade for contractors’ registration in this category, and allows the Group to tender for public sector construction projects of unlimited value. In addition, the Group has developed a name for itself as a niche real estate developer, with an established reputation for quality and innovation.
The Group’s diversified businesses present them with multiple revenue streams from three core areas:
- Construction and Building Materials
- Real Estate
- Leisure & Hospitality
The Group is also the single largest shareholder of SGX Catalist-listed Koh Brothers Eco Engineering Limited (“Koh Brothers Eco”), a sustainable engineering solutions group that provides engineering, procurement and construction services for water and wastewater treatment, hydroengineering, bio-refinery and bio-energy projects.
Following a restructuring exercise that combines the capabilities of Koh Brothers Eco with the Group’s previously-owned civil engineering construction arm, Koh Brothers Building & Civil Engineering (Pte.) Ltd. (“KBCE”), through its shareholdings in Koh Brothers Eco, Koh Brothers can reap synergies and sharpen its competitive edge to offer turnkey engineering solutions and tap opportunities in the water, wastewater treatment and hydro-engineering sectors.
许兄弟集团是一家享有盛誉的建筑、房地产开发和专业工程解决方案提供商，于 1994 年 8 月在新加坡交易所上市。自 1966 年许哲铭先生创立独资企业、开始集团的光荣征程以来，许兄弟集团的一路发展壮大与缓洪、排水项目密不可分，在屡创施工奇迹的辉煌历史上留下了梧槽运河 (Rochor Canal)、武吉知马 (Bukit Timah) 和加冷河 (Kallang River) 等里程碑项目。
Geotechnical engineering, also known as geotechnics, is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials. It uses the principles and methods of soil mechanics and rock mechanics for the solution of engineering problems and the design of engineering works. It also relies on knowledge of geology, hydrology, geophysics, and other related sciences.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geotechnical_engineering
Geotechnical engineering is important in civil engineering, but also has applications in military, mining, petroleum, coastal, ocean, and other engineering disciplines that are concerned with construction occurring on the surface or within the ground, both onshore and offshore. The fields of geotechnical engineering and engineering geology are closely related, and have large areas of overlap. However, while geotechnical engineering is a specialty of civil engineering, engineering geology is a specialty of geology: they share the same principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics, but may differ in terms of objects, scale of application, and approaches.
The tasks of a geotechnical engineer comprise the investigation of subsurface conditions and materials; the determination of the relevant physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of these materials; the design of earthworks and retaining structures (including dams, embankments, sanitary landfills, deposits of hazardous waste), tunnels, and structure foundations; the monitoring of site conditions, earthwork, and foundation construction; the evaluation of the stability of natural slopes and man-made soil deposits; the assessment of the risks posed by site conditions; and the prediction, prevention, and mitigation of damage caused by natural hazards (such as avalanches, mud flows, landslides, rockslides, sinkholes, and volcanic eruptions).[1][2]
The eurocodes are the ten European standards (EN; harmonised technical rules) specifying how structural design should be conducted within the European Union (EU). These were developed by the European Committee for Standardisation upon the request of the European Commission.[1]
https://shop.bsigroup.com/eurocodes-plus/
By March 2010, the Eurocodes are mandatory for the specification of European public works and are intended to become the de facto standard for the private sector. The Eurocodes therefore replace the existing national building codes published by national standard bodies (e.g. BS 5950)
The purpose of the eurocodes is to provide:[1]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurocodes
At present, take-up of Eurocodes is slow on private sector projects and existing national codes are still widely used by engineers.
The eurocodes are published as a separate European Standards, each having a number of parts. By 2002, ten sections have been developed and published:
Each of the codes (except EN 1990) is divided into a number of Parts covering specific aspects of the subject. In total there are 58 EN Eurocode parts distributed in the ten Eurocodes (EN 1990 – 1999).
All of the EN Eurocodes relating to materials have a Part 1-1 which covers the design of buildings and other civil engineering structures and a Part 1-2 for fire design. The codes for concrete, steel, composite steel and concrete, and timber structures and earthquake resistance have a Part 2 covering design of bridges. These Parts 2 should be used in combination with the appropriate general Parts (Parts 1).
